[Daily article] March 31: Missing My Baby Published On

"Missing My Baby" is a song released by American Tejano music recording
artist Selena on her third studio album Entre a Mi Mundo (1992). It was
composed by her brother A.B. Quintanilla III, the song's principal
record producer. He wanted to showcase Selena's diverse musical
abilities and to help her cross over into the English-speaking market;
most of the album is Mexican pop and traditional Mexican songs. Critics
praised her emotive enunciation in the song. "Missing My Baby" is a mid-
tempo R&B; ballad influenced by urban and soul music. The lyrics talk
about the narrator's love for her boyfriend and how much she misses him.
Although never intended to be released as a single, the track peaked at
number 22 on the US Rhythmic Top 40 chart in 1995. The track was one of
the first songs to be played by radio stations after Selena was shot and
killed by her friend, the former manager of her boutiques, on March 31,
1995. A posthumous music video made for cable network VH1 was released
in 1998 to promote the triple box-set Anthology (1998).

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missing_My_Baby>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

1492:

The Catholic Monarchs of Spain issued the Alhambra Decree,
ordering all Jews to convert to Christianity or be expelled from the
country.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alhambra_Decree>

1822:

Greek War of Independence: Ottoman troops began the massacre of
over 20,000 Greeks on the island of Chios.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chios_massacre>

1889:

The Eiffel Tower was inaugurated in Paris, becoming a global
icon of France and one of the most recognizable structures in the world.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eiffel_Tower>

1901:

A magnitude 7.2 earthquake struck the Black Sea, the most
powerful earthquake ever recorded in the area.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1901_Black_Sea_earthquake>

1995:

American singer-songwriter, Selena, known as "The Queen of
Tejano music", was murdered in Corpus Christi, Texas, by the president
of her fan club, Yolanda Saldívar.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Selena>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

wry:
1. Turned away, contorted (of the face or body).
2. Dryly humorous; sardonic or ironic.
3. Twisted, bent, crooked.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/wry>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  Love is life. And if you miss love, you miss life.
 
--Leo Buscaglia
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Leo_Buscaglia>

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[Daily article] March 30: Alsos Mission Published On

The Alsos Mission was an Allied unit formed to investigate Axis
scientific developments, especially nuclear, chemical and biological
weapons, as part of the Manhattan Project during World War II. Colonel
Boris Pash, a former Manhattan Project security officer, was the
mission's commander, and Samuel Goudsmit was its scientific leader. They
joined the advancing Allied units, and occasionally operated behind
enemy lines, first in Italy, and later in France and Germany. Gathering
information on the German nuclear project, mission personnel captured
and dismantled the German experimental nuclear reactor at Haigerloch
(pictured) in a daring raid behind German lines in April 1945. They took
senior German researchers into custody, including Otto Hahn, Max von
Laue, Werner Heisenberg and Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker. They
searched for personnel, records, and materials that might be useful, to
make them available for Allied research and to keep them out of Soviet
hands. Over 1,000 tons of uranium ore was recovered by the mission,
along with stocks of heavy water.

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alsos_Mission>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

1867:

U.S. Secretary of State William H. Seward negotiated the
purchase of Alaska for US$7.2 million from Russia.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaska_Purchase>

1899:

A committee of the German Society of Chemistry invited other
national scientific organizations to appoint delegates to form the
International Committee on Atomic Weights.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commission_on_Isotopic_Abundances_and_Atomic_Weights>

1918:

Bolshevik and Dashnak forces suppressed a Muslim revolt in
Baku, Azerbaijan, resulting in up to 12,000 deaths.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_Days>

1940:

Second Sino-Japanese War: Wang Jingwei was officially installed
by Japan as head of a puppet state in China.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wang_Jingwei>

1981:

Trying to impress actress Jodie Foster, obsessed fan John
Hinckley, Jr. shot and wounded U.S. President Ronald Reagan and three
others outside the Hilton Hotel in Washington, D.C.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Ronald_Reagan>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

eat crow:
(chiefly US, idiomatic) To recognize that one has been shown to be
mistaken or outdone, especially by admitting that one has made a
humiliating error.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eat_crow>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  The more I think it over, the more I feel that there is nothing
more truly artistic than to love people.  
--Vincent van Gogh
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Vincent_van_Gogh>

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[Daily article] March 29: John Tyler Published On

John Tyler (1790–1862) was the tenth President of the United States
(1841–45). He served as a Virginia state legislator, governor, U.S.
representative, and senator before his election as vice president in
1840 on the Whig Party ticket led by William Henry Harrison. He became
the first vice president to succeed to the presidency without being
elected to the office after his running mate's death in April 1841.
Taking the oath of office, he immediately moved into the White House and
assumed full presidential powers, a precedent that would govern future
successions and eventually become codified in the Twenty-fifth
Amendment. He found much of the Whig program unconstitutional, and
vetoed several of his party's bills. The Whigs, led by Kentucky Senator
Henry Clay, dubbed him "His Accidency", and expelled him from the party.
Stalemated on domestic policy, Tyler had several foreign-policy
achievements, including the Webster–Ashburton Treaty with Britain and
the Treaty of Wanghia with Qing China. He dedicated his last two years
in office to the annexation of Texas, then retired to his Virginia
plantation. When the Civil War began in 1861, Tyler won election to the
Confederate House of Representatives shortly before his death.

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Tyler>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

1807:

German astronomer Heinrich Wilhelm Matthias Olbers discovered 4
Vesta, the brightest asteroid and the second-most massive body in the
asteroid belt.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4_Vesta>

1865:

American Civil War: The Appomattox Campaign opened with the
Battle of Lewis's Farm, in which the Confederate States Army was forced
into a series of retreats that would culminate in their surrender.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appomattox_Campaign>

1871:

The Royal Albert Hall in Albertopolis, London, was officially
opened by Queen Victoria.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Albert_Hall>

1945:

World War II: The German 4th Army was almost completely
destroyed by the Soviet Red Army at the Heiligenbeil Pocket in East
Prussia.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heiligenbeil_Pocket>

1982:

Queen Elizabeth II gave Royal Assent to the Canada Act 1982,
which ended all remaining dependence of Canada on the United Kingdom by
a process known as "patriation".
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada_Act_1982>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

otorhinolaryngology:
(medicine) The study of diseases of the ear, nose and throat.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/otorhinolaryngology>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  A poet must be able to claim … freedom to follow the
vision of poetry, the imaginative vision of poetry … And in any case,
poetry is religion, religion is poetry. The message of the New Testament
is poetry. Christ was a poet, the New Testament is metaphor, the
Resurrection is a metaphor; and I feel perfectly within my rights in
approaching my whole vocation as priest and preacher as one who is to
present poetry; and when I preach poetry I am preaching Christianity,
and when one discusses Christianity one is discussing poetry in its
imaginative aspects. … My work as a poet has to deal with the
presentation of imaginative truth.  
--R. S. Thomas
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/R._S._Thomas>

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[Daily article] March 28: Josh Hutcherson Published On

Josh Hutcherson (born 1992) is an American actor and filmmaker. He began
his acting career at a young age with minor roles in TV commercials and
pilot episodes. As he gained experience, he began taking on bigger
roles, notably in Zathura (2005), RV (2006), Bridge to Terabithia
(2007), Journey to the Center of the Earth (2008), and The Kids Are All
Right (2010). Over the course of his young career, he picked up three
individual Young Artist Awards. Hutcherson has played Peeta Mellark in
the science fiction adventure film series, The Hunger Games (2012, 2013
and 2014), in his best-known role. He has also taken on filmmaking and
voiceover work, earning credits as an executive producer for Detention
(2011), The Forger (2012), and Escobar: Paradise Lost (2015), and for
voice acting in 2013's Epic, the most commercially successful of his
films except for The Hunger Games series. Hutcherson received the GLAAD
Vanguard Award in 2012 for his efforts in promoting equal rights for
LGBT people, and he supports the gay–straight alliance chapter called
"Straight But Not Narrow".

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josh_Hutcherson>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

193:

Praetorian Guards assassinated Roman emperor Pertinax and sold
the throne in an auction to Didius Julianus.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Didius_Julianus>

1862:

American Civil War: An invasion of the New Mexico Territory by
the Confederate States Army was halted at the Battle of Glorieta Pass.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Glorieta_Pass>

1910:

Near Martigues, France, French aviator Henri Fabre's Fabre
Hydravion became the first seaplane to take off from water under its own
power.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabre_Hydravion>

1942:

Second World War: In occupied France, British naval forces
successfully disabled the key port of Saint-Nazaire.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Nazaire_Raid>

1979:

British Prime Minister James Callaghan was defeated by one vote
in a motion of no confidence by the House of Commons after his
government struggled to cope with widespread strikes by trade unions
during the "Winter of Discontent".
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1979_vote_of_no_confidence_in_the_government_of_James_Callaghan>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

lacrimae rerum:
The "tears of things"; the inherent tragedy of existence.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/lacrimae_rerum>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  It is love alone that gives worth to all things.  
--Teresa of Ávila
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Teresa_of_%C3%81vila>

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[Daily article] March 27: D'Oliveira affair Published On

The D'Oliveira affair was a controversy over the inclusion of Basil
D'Oliveira, a mixed-race cricketer of South African origin, in the
England cricket team selected to tour apartheid-era South Africa in
1968–69. D'Oliveira had moved to England primarily because apartheid
restricted his cricketing career; he played Test cricket for England
from 1966. The English cricketing authorities wished to maintain
traditional links with South Africa and have the tour go ahead without
incident; the South Africans publicly indicated that D'Oliveira could
play, but secretly worked to prevent this. D'Oliveira's omission from
the tour party, ostensibly on cricketing merit, prompted a public outcry
in Britain; when he was then chosen to replace an injured player, the
South Africans alleged political motivations behind England's team
selection. Following abortive attempts at compromise, the English
cancelled the tour before it began. Sporting boycotts of South Africa
were already under way but this controversy was the first to have a
serious impact on South African cricket. South Africa was almost totally
isolated from international cricket from 1971 to 1991.

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%27Oliveira_affair>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

1329:

Pope John XXII issued a papal bull that some of the works of
German theologian and mystic Meister Eckhart were heretical.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meister_Eckhart>

1782:

Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, a leading
British Whig Party statesman, began his second non-consecutive term as
Prime Minister of Great Britain.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Watson-Wentworth,_2nd_Marquess_of_Rockingham>

1915:

Typhoid Mary (pictured), the first person to be identified as
an asymptomatic carrier of typhoid fever, was placed into quarantine,
where she spent the rest of her life.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhoid_Mary>

1945:

World War II: The United States Army Air Forces began Operation
Starvation, laying naval mines in many of Japan's vital water routes and
ports to disrupt shipping.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Starvation>

1975:

Construction of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System, an oil
pipeline spanning the length of Alaska, began.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Construction_of_the_Trans-Alaska_Pipeline_System>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

fan death:
The urban legend originating in South Korea that if an electric fan is
left running overnight in a closed room it can cause the death of those
inside.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/fan_death>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  I did not think; I investigated. … It seemed at first a new
kind of invisible light. It was clearly something new, something
unrecorded.  
--Wilhelm Röntgen
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Wilhelm_R%C3%B6ntgen>

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[Daily article] March 26: Exhumation of Richard III of England Published On

The exhumation of Richard III of England in September 2012 and his
reburial in Leicester Cathedral on 26 March 2015 took place over 500
years after his death at the Battle of Bosworth Field. Richard was
originally buried in Leicester's Greyfriars Friary, but the site of his
grave was forgotten after the friary was demolished and it was generally
believed that his bones had been thrown into the nearby River Soar. In
September 2012, an archaeological excavation took place at the site of
the friary and a skeleton was discovered of a man with a spinal
deformity and severe head injuries. He appeared to have been hastily
buried without a coffin in a crudely cut grave. Analysis of the bones
showed that he had been killed by edged weapons cutting open his skull
and piercing his brain. DNA tests and radiocarbon dating confirmed that
the skeleton was that of Richard III. Leicester Cathedral was chosen as
the site of Richard's reburial, though some argued that York Minster or
Westminster Abbey would be more suitable locations. The reinterment in
an ecumenical Christian service at the cathedral, and the unveiling of
his tomb, were scheduled for the end of a week's commemorations.

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exhumation_of_Richard_III_of_England>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

1351:

War of the Breton Succession: Thirty knights each from France
and England fought to determine who would rule the Duchy of Brittany,
which later was celebrated as a noble display of the ideals of chivalry.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combat_of_the_Thirty>

1812:

The Boston Gazette printed a political cartoon coining the term
"gerrymander", named after Governor Elbridge Gerry's approval of
legislation that created oddly shaped electoral districts designed to
help incumbents win reelection.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elbridge_Gerry>

1885:

Feeling that Canada had failed to address the protection of
their rights, the Métis people, led by Louis Riel, began the North-West
Rebellion.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North-West_Rebellion>

1953:

Jonas Salk announced the successful test of his polio vaccine
on a small group of adults and children.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polio_vaccine>

1979:

By signing the Egypt–Israel Peace Treaty, Egypt became the
first Arab country to officially recognize Israel.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Israel_Peace_Treaty>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

immolate:
1. To kill as a sacrifice.
2. To destroy, especially by fire.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/immolate>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  It is not enough to be in the right place at the right time.
You should also have an open mind at the right time.  
--Paul Erdős
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Paul_Erd%C5%91s>

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[Daily article] March 25: Nauru reed warbler Published On

The Nauru reed warbler (Acrocephalus rehsei) is the only passerine land-
bird that breeds on the island of Nauru in the Pacific Ocean. It is
related to other Micronesian reed warblers, all of which evolved from
one of several radiations of the genus across the Pacific. Related
warblers on nearby islands include the Carolinian reed warbler, with
which the Nauru species was initially confused, and the nightingale reed
warbler. A medium-sized warbler, the Nauru reed warbler has dark brown
upperparts, cream underparts and a long, thin beak. It makes a low, cup-
shaped nest into which it lays two or three white eggs, and it feeds on
insects. It is found throughout Nauru, whose environment has changed
substantially in recent decades due to phosphate mining. The Nauru reed
warbler is potentially threatened by introduced predators and habitat
loss, and its small range leaves the species vulnerable to diseases and
tropical cyclones. Reports of a similar warbler from nearby islands
suggest that the Nauru reed warbler may have been eradicated from those
islands by introduced cats.

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nauru_reed_warbler>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

1655:

Dutch astronomer Christiaan Huygens discovered Titan, the
largest natural satellite of the planet Saturn.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titan_(moon)>

1802:

France and the United Kingdom signed the Treaty of Amiens,
temporarily ending the hostilities between the two during the French
Revolutionary Wars.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Amiens>

1917:

Following the overthrow of the Russian tsar Nicholas II,
Georgia's bishops unilaterally restored the autocephaly of the Georgian
Orthodox Church.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgian_Orthodox_Church>

1975:

King Faisal of Saudi Arabia was shot and killed by his nephew
Faisal bin Musaid.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faisal_of_Saudi_Arabia>

1995:

American computer programmer Ward Cunningham established the
first wiki site, the WikiWikiWeb.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiki>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

in a pig's eye:
(idiomatic) Very unlikely; probably never.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/in_a_pig%27s_eye>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  This is no simple reform. It really is a revolution. Sex and
race, because they are easy, visible differences, have been the primary
ways of organizing human beings into superior and inferior groups, and
into the cheap labor on which this system still depends. We are talking
about a society in which there will be no roles other than those chosen,
or those earned. We are really talking about humanism.  
--Gloria Steinem
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Gloria_Steinem>

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[Daily article] March 24: Isabeau of Bavaria Published On

Isabeau of Bavaria (c. 1370–1435) became the queen of King Charles
VI of France in 1385. She was born into the House of Wittelsbach, the
eldest daughter of Duke Stephen III of Bavaria-Ingolstadt and Taddea
Visconti of Milan. Isabeau was sent to France at age 15 or 16, where the
young French king liked her enough to marry her three days after they
met. Charles suffered from lifelong progressive mental illness from
1392, and was forced to temporarily withdraw from government. A 1393
masque or masquerade ball for one of Isabeau's ladies-in-waiting—an
event later known as Bal des Ardents—ended in disaster with the King
almost burning to death. Although he demanded Isabeau's removal from his
presence during attacks of mental illness, he allowed her to act on his
behalf. Charles' illness created a power vacuum that eventually led to
the Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War between the supporters of his
brother, Louis of Orléans, and the royal dukes of Burgundy. Isabeau
shifted allegiances between the factions, choosing courses she believed
most favorable for the heir to the throne. She was present at the
signing of the Treaty of Troyes in 1421, and lived in English-occupied
Paris until her death in 1435.

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabeau_of_Bavaria>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

1860:

Rōnin samurai of the Mito Domain assassinated Japanese Chief
Minister Ii Naosuke, upset with his role in the opening of Japan to
foreign powers.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sakuradamon_Incident_(1860)>

1882:

German physician Robert Koch announced the discovery of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a bacterium that causes tuberculosis.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculosis>

1927:

Following the capture of Nanjing by an alliance of Nationalist
and Communist forces, British and American warships bombarded the city
in defence of foreign citizens there.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanking_Incident>

1944:

Second World War: Captured Allied airmen began "the Great
Escape", breaking out of the German prison camp Stalag Luft III.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stalag_Luft_III>

1989:

The tanker Exxon Valdez spilled more than 10 million
US gallons of oil into Prince William Sound, Alaska, causing one of the
most devastating man-made environmental disasters at sea.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exxon_Valdez_oil_spill>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

siesta:
An afternoon nap, especially the one taken after lunch in some cultures.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/siesta>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  If "freedom" means, first of all, the responsibility of
every individual for the rational determination of his own personal,
professional and social existence, then there is no greater fear than
that of the establishment of general freedom. Without a thoroughgoing
solution of this problem there never will be a peace lasting longer than
one or two generations. To solve this problem on a social scale, it will
take more thinking, more honesty and decency, more conscientiousness,
more economic, social and educational changes in social mass living than
all the efforts made in previous and future wars and post-war
reconstruction programs taken together.  
--Wilhelm Reich
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Wilhelm_Reich>

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[Daily article] March 23: Kangana Ranaut Published On

Kangana Ranaut (born 1987) is an Indian film actress. She has
established a career in Bollywood, and is the recipient of a National
Film Award and three Filmfare Awards. She was born in Bhambla, a small
town in Himachal Pradesh. Adamant to build her own career path, she
relocated to Delhi at age sixteen, where she briefly became a model.
After training under the theatre director Arvind Gaur, she made her film
debut in the 2006 thriller Gangster. She received praise for portraying
emotionally intense characters in the dramas Woh Lamhe (2006), Life in
a... Metro (2007) and Fashion (2008). For the last of these, she won the
National Film Award for Best Supporting Actress. Ranaut featured in the
successful films Raaz: The Mystery Continues (2009) and Once Upon a Time
in Mumbaai (2010), though she was criticised for being typecast in
neurotic roles. A comic role opposite R. Madhavan in Tanu Weds Manu
(2011) was well-received, though this was followed by brief roles in
unsuccessful films. She then played a mutant in the science fiction film
Krrish 3 (2013), one of the highest-grossing Bollywood films, and won
the Filmfare Award for Best Actress for the comedy-drama Queen (2014).

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kangana_Ranaut>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

1775:

American Revolution: Patrick Henry made his "Give me liberty,
or give me death!" speech to the House of Burgesses of Virginia, urging
military action against the British Empire.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Give_me_liberty,_or_give_me_death!>

1889:

Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (pictured), founded the Ahmadiyya Islamic
religious movement in British India.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmadiyya>

1905:

About 1,500 Cretans, led by Eleftherios Venizelos, met at the
village of Theriso to call for the island's unification with Greece,
beginning the Theriso revolt.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theriso_revolt>

1940:

Pakistan Movement: During its three-day general session, the
Muslim League drafted the Lahore Resolution, calling for greater
autonomy in British India.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahore_Resolution>

2005:

A fire and explosion at the third-largest oil refinery in the
United States killed 15 workers and kicked off process safety programs
throughout the world.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_City_Refinery_explosion>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

escapade:
A daring or adventurous act; an undertaking which goes against
convention.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/escapade>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  Human beings are unable to be honest with themselves about
themselves. They cannot talk about themselves without embellishing. This
script portrays such human beings — the kind who cannot survive
without lies to make them feel they are better people than they really
are. It even shows this sinful need for flattering falsehood going
beyond the grave — even the character who dies cannot give up his lies
when he speaks to the living through a medium. Egoism is a sin the human
being carries with him from birth; it is the most difficult to redeem.
on  
--Rashomon
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Rashomon>

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[Daily article] March 22: God of War (video game) Published On

God of War is a third person action-adventure video game for the
PlayStation 2, first released on March 22, 2005. Loosely based on Greek
mythology, it is the first installment in the series of the same name
and the third chronologically. The player controls Kratos, a Spartan
warrior who serves the Olympian Gods. The goddess Athena tasks him with
killing Ares, the God of War, who tricked Kratos into killing his own
wife and child. As Ares besieges Athens out of hatred for Athena, Kratos
embarks on a quest to find the one object capable of stopping the god:
the legendary Pandora's Box. The gameplay focuses on combo-based combat
and features quick time events that require the player to complete game
controller actions in a timed sequence to defeat stronger enemies and
bosses. The player can use magical attacks, and the game also features
puzzles and platforming elements. The eleventh best-selling PlayStation
2 game of all time, it sold more than 4.6 million copies worldwide.
Regarded as one of the best action-adventure games for the platform and
noted for its graphics, sound, presentation, and story, it won several
"Game of the Year" awards.

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/God_of_War_(video_game)>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

1765:

The Parliament of Great Britain passed the Stamp Act, requiring
that many printed materials in the Thirteen Colonies in British America
carry a tax stamp (pictured).
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamp_Act_1765>

1871:

William Woods Holden became the first governor of a U.S. state
to be removed from office due to impeachment.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Woods_Holden>

1933:

The Holocaust: The construction of the first Nazi concentration
camp at Dachau was completed.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dachau_concentration_camp>

1945:

Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Transjordan, and
Yemen founded the Arab League, a regional organization that facilitates
political, economic, cultural, scientific and social programs designed
to promote the interests of the Arab world.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_League>

1995:

Russian cosmonaut Valeri Polyakov of the Soyuz programme
returned from the Mir space station after 437 days in space, setting a
record for the longest spaceflight.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valeri_Polyakov>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

perfusion:
(medicine) The introduction of a drug or nutrients through the
bloodstream in order to reach an internal organ or tissues.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/perfusion>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  A knife is sharpened on stone, steel is tempered by fire, but
men must be sharpened by men.  
--The Walking Drum
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/The_Walking_Drum>

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[Daily article] March 21: Tosa-class battleship Published On

The Tosa-class battleships were two dreadnoughts ordered by the Imperial
Japanese Navy during the early 1920s. The ships were larger versions of
the preceding Nagato class, and carried an additional 41-centimeter
(16.1 in) twin-gun turret; their design served as a basis for the
Amagi-class battlecruisers. The first ship, Tosa, was canceled according
to the terms of the Washington Naval Treaty before it could be
completed, and was used in experiments testing the effectiveness of its
armor scheme before being scuttled in the Bungo Channel. The hull of the
second ship, Kaga (model pictured), was converted into an aircraft
carrier of the same name. The carrier supported Japanese troops in China
during the Second Sino-Japanese War of the late 1930s, and took part in
the attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941 and the invasion of Rabaul
in the Southwest Pacific in January 1942. The following month her
aircraft participated in a combined carrier airstrike on Darwin,
Australia, during the Dutch East Indies campaign. She was sunk during
the Battle of Midway in 1942.

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosa-class_battleship>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

630:

Byzantine emperor Heraclius restored the True Cross to
Jerusalem.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/True_Cross>

1556:

Archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Cranmer (pictured), one of the
founders of Anglicanism, was burnt at the stake in Oxford, England, for
heresy.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cranmer>

1871:

Founder of the German Empire Otto von Bismarck was proclaimed
as its first Chancellor.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_von_Bismarck>

1945:

World War II: Bulgaria and the Soviet Union successfully
defended the north bank of the Drava River as the Battle of the
Transdanubian Hills concluded.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Transdanubian_Hills>

2002:

British schoolgirl Amanda Dowler was abducted on her way home
from Heathside School in Walton-on-Thames, Surrey.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Milly_Dowler>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

itchy trigger finger:
(idiomatic) A tendency to act in haste or without consideration.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/itchy_trigger_finger>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  Is it so small a thing To have enjoy'd the sun, To have lived
light in the spring, To have loved, to have thought, to have done; To
have advanc'd true friends, and beat down baffling foes?  
--Matthew Arnold
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Matthew_Arnold>

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March 20: 2001–02 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season Published On

The 2001–02 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season had the earliest
named storm since 1992. Eleven tropical storms, two more than average,
formed in the basin, which lies west of longitude 90°E and south of the
equator. Many storms formed in the north-east portion of the basin, and
several more originated around Australia. Tropical systems were present
during 73 days, 15 more than average. Tropical cyclones in this basin
are monitored by the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center in
Réunion. The first storm was Andre, which emerged from the Australian
basin as Tropical Cyclone Alex in late October, before the conventional
storm season began. The strongest storm, Cyclone Hary (pictured), was
the first very intense tropical cyclone since 2000; it hit Madagascar,
where it caused lighter damage than expected but three deaths. In
January, Cyclone Dina left heavy damage in the Mascarene Islands,
particularly on Réunion, where it dropped 2,102 mm (82.8 in) of
rainfall. The final storm was Cyclone Kesiny, which killed 33 people
when it struck Madagascar amid a political crisis in May, after the
conventional storm season had ended.

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001%E2%80%9302_South-West_Indian_Ocean_cyclone_season>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

235:

Maximinus Thrax succeeded to the throne of the Roman Empire, the
first of the so-called barracks emperors who gained power by virtue of
his command of the army.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximinus_Thrax>

1600:

Five advisers to Polish–Swedish king Sigismund III Vasa were
publicly executed, effectively ending his reign.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Link%C3%B6ping_Bloodbath>

1852:

Uncle Tom's Cabin by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe was
first published, profoundly affecting attitudes toward African Americans
and slavery in the United States.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncle_Tom%27s_Cabin>

1923:

The Arts Club of Chicago hosted the opening of Pablo Picasso's
first United States showing, entitled Original Drawings by Pablo
Picasso, becoming an early proponent of modern art in the U.S.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arts_Club_of_Chicago>

1993:

The Troubles: The second of two bomb attacks by the Provisional
IRA in Warrington, England, killed two children.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warrington_bomb_attacks>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

forethoughtful:
Having or full of forethought; provident; proactive; visionary.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/forethoughtful>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  The number of the dead long exceedeth all that shall live.
The night of time far surpasseth the day, and who knows when was the
Æquinox? Every hour adds unto that current arithmetick, which scarce
stands one moment.  
--Thomas Browne
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Thomas_Browne>

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[Daily article] March 19: Brill railway station Published On

Brill railway station was the terminus of a small railway line in
Buckinghamshire, England, known as the Brill Tramway. Built and owned by
the 3rd Duke of Buckingham, it opened just north of Brill in 1872. As
the line was cheaply built and used poor quality locomotives, services
were slow, taking 1 hour 45 minutes to travel the six miles (10 km)
from Brill to the junction station with mainline services at Quainton
Road. Although little used by passengers, the station was important for
freight traffic, particularly shipping milk from the area's farms to
London. The Metropolitan Railway took over the line in 1899, and
upgraded it. In 1933 it became part of the London Underground as one of
the two north-western termini, despite being 45 miles (72 km) and over
two hours travelling time from London. The management of London
Transport aimed to reduce goods services, and it was felt that the line
to Brill was unlikely to become a viable passenger route. The line was
closed in 1935, and all buildings and infrastructure at Brill associated
with the railway were sold at auction. Most of the station
infrastructure was demolished, though three station cottages survive.

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brill_railway_station>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

1279:

Emperor Bing, the last emperor of the Song dynasty, died during
the Battle of Yamen, bringing the dynasty to an end after three
centuries.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_emperors_of_the_Song_dynasty>

1808:

Charles IV of Spain abdicated in favour of his son,
Ferdinand VII.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_IV_of_Spain>

1915:

Pluto was photographed for the first time, 15 years before it
was officially discovered by Clyde Tombaugh at the Lowell Observatory.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluto>

1979:

The American cable television network C-SPAN, dedicated to
airing non-stop coverage of government proceedings and public affairs
programming, was launched.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-SPAN>

2011:

Libyan Civil War: The French Air Force launched Opération
Harmattan, beginning foreign military intervention in Libya.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Op%C3%A9ration_Harmattan>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

vaguery:
1. (uncountable) Vagueness, the condition of being vague.
2. (countable) A vagueness, a thing which is vague, an example of
vagueness.
3. (countable, in the plural) An eggcorn for vagaries.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vaguery>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  I believe the preservation of our civil liberties to be the most
fundamental and important of all our governmental problems, because it
always has been with us and always will be with us and if we ever permit
those liberties to be destroyed, there will be nothing left in our
system worthy of preservation.  
--Earl Warren
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Earl_Warren>

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[Daily article] March 18: Margaret Bondfield Published On

Margaret Bondfield (1873–1953) was a British Labour politician, trades
unionist and women's rights activist. She became the first female
cabinet minister, and the first woman to be a privy counsellor, when she
was appointed Minister of Labour in the Labour government of 1929–31.
Bondfield was born in humble circumstances and received limited formal
education. Beginning as a shopworker in Brighton and London, she was an
active trades unionist and held union office from 1898. Bondfield helped
to found the Women's Labour League in 1906, and was chair of the Adult
Suffrage Society. She was a socialist rather than a suffragette, which
divided her from some factions in the women's movement. She was first
elected to parliament in 1923, and was a junior minister in the Labour
government of 1924. Her term in the cabinet was overshadowed by the
economic crises that beset the 1929–31 Labour ministry, and her
actions in office antagonised many in the Labour Party. She left
parliament in 1931, but continued in quiet public service until shortly
before her death.

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Bondfield>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

1871:

French President Adolphe Thiers ordered the evacuation of Paris
after an uprising broke out as the result of France's defeat in the
Franco-Prussian War, leading to the establishment of the Paris Commune
government.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_Commune>

1892:

Lord Stanley of Preston pledged to donate an award for Canada's
top-ranked amateur ice hockey club, now known as the Stanley Cup
(pictured), the oldest professional sports trophy in North America.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanley_Cup>

1925:

The Tri-State Tornado spawned in Missouri, traveled over 219
miles (352 km) across Illinois and Indiana, and killed 695 along the
way, making it the tornado with the longest continuous track ever
recorded and the deadliest in U.S. history.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tri-State_Tornado>

1985:

The first episode of the Australian soap opera Neighbours was
broadcast on the Seven Network, eventually becoming the longest running
drama in Australian television history.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neighbours>

2005:

As per a court order, the feeding tube of Terri Schiavo, an
American woman who suffered brain damage, was removed at the request of
her husband, fueling a worldwide debate on euthanasia.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terri_Schiavo_case>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

tribology:
(physics, engineering) The science and technology of friction,
lubrication, and wear.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/tribology>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  I do not think discursively. It is not so much that I arrive at
truth as that I take my start from it.  
--Nikolai Berdyaev
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Nikolai_Berdyaev>

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[Daily article] March 17: Audie Murphy Published On

Audie Murphy (1925–1971) was one of the most decorated American combat
soldiers of World War II, receiving every military combat award for
valor available from the U.S. Army, as well as French and Belgian awards
for heroism. Coming from a poor sharecropping family of Irish descent in
Texas, he served in nine World War II campaigns, receiving the Medal of
Honor after single-handedly holding off an entire company of German
soldiers for an hour at the Colmar Pocket in France. After the war, he
appeared in more than forty feature films, mostly westerns; his most
successful film was To Hell and Back (1955), based on his war memoirs.
During the Korean War, Murphy was commissioned as an officer in the 36th
Infantry Division of the Texas National Guard. Possessing a natural gift
for rhyme, he collaborated on numerous songs between 1962 and 1970. He
suffered from what would today be termed posttraumatic stress disorder,
and was plagued by money problems in the last few years of his life, but
refused offers to appear in alcohol and cigarette commercials to avoid
setting a bad example. Murphy died in a plane crash in Virginia, and was
interred with full military honors at Arlington National Cemetery.

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audie_Murphy>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

1337:

Edward, the Black Prince was created Duke of Cornwall, the
first duchy in England.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward,_the_Black_Prince>

1452:

Reconquista: The combined forces of Castile and Murcia defeated
the Emirate of Granada at the Battle of Los Alporchones around the city
of Lorca.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Los_Alporchones>

1776:

American Revolutionary War: The British Army garrison in
Boston, Massachusetts, withdrew from the city, ending the 11‑month
Siege of Boston.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Boston>

1955:

Six thousand people in Montreal rioted to protest the
suspension of ice hockey star Maurice Richard.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Riot>

1985:

American serial killer Richard Ramirez (pictured), known as
"the Night Stalker", began a home invasion burglary and killing spree
that resulted in 13 deaths and 11 sexual assaults over the following
five months.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Ramirez>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

dudeen:
A short-stemmed Irish pipe made out of clay.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dudeen>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  Acceptance. Acceptance of the impermanence of being. And
acceptance of the imperfect nature of being, or possibly the perfect
nature of being, depending on how one looks at it. Acceptance that this
is not a rehearsal. That this is it.  
--William Gibson
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/William_Gibson>

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[Daily article] March 16: ...And Justice for All (album) Published On

...And Justice for All is the fourth studio album by American heavy
metal band Metallica, released in 1988 by Elektra Records, and the first
to feature bassist Jason Newsted after the death of Cliff Burton in
1986. The album is musically progressive, with long and complex songs
and fast tempos. Producer Flemming Rasmussen was absent during the
mixing process, and the production has been criticized as "dry". The
lyrics feature themes of political and legal injustice seen through the
prisms of censorship, war, and nuclear brinkmanship. The album's front
cover features a representation of Lady Justice; the phrase "...And
Justice for All" appears spray-painted in the lower right corner.
Originally released on one vinyl disc, the album was quickly re-released
as a double album without additional tracks. The album was included in
The Village Voice '​s annual Pazz & Jop critics' poll of the year's
best albums, and the single "One" earned Metallica its first Grammy
Award for Best Metal Performance in 1990. The group's best-selling album
at the time and second best-selling ever, it was the first underground
metal album to achieve chart success in the US, shipping eight million
copies by 2003.

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...And_Justice_for_All_(album)>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

1322:

Despenser War: A royalist army defeated troops loyal to Thomas,
2nd Earl of Lancaster, in the Battle of Boroughbridge, which allowed
King Edward II of England to hold on to power for another five years.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Boroughbridge>

1621:

Samoset became the first Native American to make contact with
the Pilgrims when he strolled straight through the middle of the
encampment at Plymouth Colony and greeted them in English.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samoset>

1872:

In the first-ever final of the FA Cup, today the oldest
association football competition in the world, Wanderers F.C. defeated
Royal Engineers A.F.C. 1–0 at The Oval in Kennington, London.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1872_FA_Cup_Final>

1968:

Vietnam War: American soldiers killed hundreds of unarmed
civilians in the Sơn Mỹ village in the Sơn Tịnh District of South
Vietnam.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_Lai_Massacre>

1984:

William Buckley, the CIA station chief in Beirut, Lebanon, was
kidnapped by Islamic fundamentalists.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Francis_Buckley>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

damnify:
(law) To cause injuries or loss to.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/damnify>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  The Big Bang, the formation of stars and planets, the origin and
evolution of life on this planet, the advent of human consciousness and
the resultant evolution of cultures — this is the story, the one
story, that has the potential to unite us, because it happens to be
true.  
--Ursula Goodenough
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Ursula_Goodenough>

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[Daily article] March 15: Peru national football team Published On

The Peru national football team has represented Peru in international
football since 1927. Organised by the Peruvian Football Federation, it
is one of ten members of FIFA's South American Football Confederation
(CONMEBOL), playing most home matches at the Estadio Nacional in Lima.
Peru took part in the inaugural FIFA World Cup in 1930 and the 1936
Olympic football competition. Goalkeeper Juan Valdivieso and forwards
Teodoro Fernández and Alejandro Villanueva led the squad to wins in the
1938 Bolivarian Games and the 1939 Copa América. The team won the Copa
América in 1975 and qualified for three World Cups in the 1970s with
Hugo Sotil, defender Héctor Chumpitaz, and Teófilo Cubillas, the
player often regarded as Peru's greatest. Peru last qualified for the
World Cup in 1982 (team pictured). Players wear white shirts adorned
with a red diagonal stripe, Peru's national colours. This basic design
has been used continuously since 1936, and gives rise to the team's
common Spanish nickname, la Blanquirroja ("the white-and-red"). The team
has longstanding rivalries with Chile and Ecuador.

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peru_national_football_team>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

44 BC:

Dictator Julius Caesar of the Roman Republic was stabbed to
death (painting by Vincenzo Camuccini pictured) by Marcus Junius Brutus
and several other Roman senators.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_Julius_Caesar>

1311:

The Catalan Company defeated Walter V, Count of Brienne in the
Battle of Halmyros and took control of the Duchy of Athens, a Crusader
state in Greece.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Halmyros>

1875:

Archbishop of New York John McCloskey was named the first
cardinal in the United States.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McCloskey>

1945:

World War II: The Soviet Red Army began the Upper Silesian
Offensive aimed at capturing the industrial and raw materials resources
located in Upper Silesia.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_Silesian_Offensive>

1990:

Iraqi authorities hanged freelance Iranian reporter Farzad
Bazoft for spying for Israel.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farzad_Bazoft>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

enshrine:
1. (transitive) To enclose (a sacred relic etc.) in a shrine or chest.
2. (transitive) To preserve or cherish (something) as though in a shrine;
to preserve or contain, especially with some reverence.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/enshrine>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  Strive for perfection in everything we do. Take the best that
exists and make it better. When it does not exist, design it. Accept
nothing nearly right or good enough.  
--Henry Royce
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Henry_Royce>

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[Daily article] March 14: Portrait of a Young Girl (Christus) Published On

Portrait of a Young Girl is a small oil-on-oak panel painting in the
Gemäldegalerie, Berlin, by the Early Netherlandish painter Petrus
Christus. It was completed between 1465 and 1470, towards the end of the
artist's life, and marks a significant advance in the oeuvres of both
Christus and contemporary portraiture. The girl is set in an airy,
three-dimensional, realistic setting, confronting the viewer with an
expression that is reserved, but alert and intelligent. She reflects the
Gothic ideal of elongated facial features, narrow shoulders, tightly
pinned hair and an almost unnaturally long forehead. The painting is
widely regarded as one of the most exquisite Northern Renaissance
portraits. Art historian Joel Upton describes the sitter as resembling
"a polished pearl, almost opalescent, lying on a cushion of black
velvet." The panel builds on the work of the first generation Northern
Renaissance painters Jan van Eyck and Rogier van der Weyden, and was
highly influential in the decades after its completion. Its appeal lies
in part in the intriguing stare, accentuated by the slight misalignment
of her eyes and asymmetry of her eyebrows.

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portrait_of_a_Young_Girl_(Christus)>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

1757:

British Royal Navy Admiral John Byng was court-martialled and
executed by firing squad when he failed to "do his utmost" during the
Battle of Minorca at the start of the Seven Years' War.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Byng>

1794:

American inventor Eli Whitney patented the cotton gin, the
first ever machine that quickly and easily separated cotton fibers from
their seedpods.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_gin>

1915:

First World War: British forces cornered and sank the SMS
Dresden, the last remnant of the German East Asia Squadron, near the
Chilean island of Más a Tierra.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_M%C3%A1s_a_Tierra>

1945:

The British Royal Air Force first used the Grand Slam, a 22,000
lb (9.98 t) earthquake bomb, on a strategic railroad viaduct in
Bielefeld, Germany.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Slam_(bomb)>

1972:

Italian publisher Giangiacomo Feltrinelli, known for his
decision to translate and publish Boris Pasternak's novel Doctor Zhivago
after it had been smuggled out of the Soviet Union, was killed in an
explosion.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giangiacomo_Feltrinelli>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

annis Domini:
(of multiple years or of a date range) Taking place a specifed number of
years following the assumed birth of Jesus Christ.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/annis_Domini>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  He does love his numbers And they run, they run, they run him
In a great big circle In a circle of infinity 3.14159 26535897932 3846
264 338 3279...  
--Kate Bush
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Kate_Bush>

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[Daily article] March 13: Hugh Walpole Published On

Hugh Walpole (1884–1941) was a New Zealand-born English novelist. His
vivid plots, skill at scene-setting, and high profile as a lecturer on
literature brought him financial success and a large readership in the
UK and North America in the 1920s and 1930s, but his work has been
largely neglected since his death. Between 1909 and 1941 Walpole wrote
thirty-six novels, five volumes of short stories, two original plays and
three volumes of memoirs. His range included disturbing studies of the
macabre, children's stories and historical fiction, most notably his
Herries Chronicle series, set in the English Lake District. During the
First World War he served in the Red Cross on the Russian–Austrian
front, and worked in British propaganda. He worked in Hollywood writing
scenarios for two Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer films in the 1930s. Walpole
conducted a succession of intense but discreet relationships with other
men, and eventually settled down with a married policeman in the Lake
District. Having as a young man eagerly sought the support of
established authors, he was in his later years a generous sponsor of
many younger writers. He bequeathed a substantial legacy of paintings to
the Tate Gallery and other British institutions.

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Walpole>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

1697:

Nojpetén, capital of the Itza Maya kingdom, fell to Spanish
conquistadors, the final step in the Spanish conquest of Guatemala.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_Guatemala>

1845:

German composer Felix Mendelssohn's Violin Concerto, one of the
most popular and most frequently performed violin concertos of all time,
was first played in Leipzig.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violin_Concerto_(Mendelssohn)>

1920:

The Kapp Putsch briefly ousted the Weimar Republic government
from Berlin.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapp_Putsch>

1988:

The Seikan Tunnel, the longest and deepest tunnel in the world,
opened between the cities of Hakodate and Aomori, Japan.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seikan_Tunnel>

2013:

Francis was elected pope, making him the first Jesuit, the
first from the Americas, the first from the Southern Hemisphere and the
first non-European pope in over 1,000 years.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Francis>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

hamiform:
Curved at the extremity, shaped like a hook.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hamiform>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  In imitating the exemplary acts of a god or of a mythic hero, or
simply by recounting their adventures, the man of an archaic society
detaches himself from profane time and magically re-enters the Great
Time, the sacred time.  
--Mircea Eliade
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Mircea_Eliade>

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[Daily article] March 12: Tylopilus felleus Published On

Tylopilus felleus is a fungus of the bolete family. Its distribution
includes east Asia, northern Europe, and eastern North America,
extending south into Mexico and Central America. A mycorrhizal species,
it grows in deciduous and coniferous woodland, often fruiting under
beech and oak. Its fruit bodies (mushrooms) have convex or flat caps
that are shades of brown, buff, or tan, and typically measure up to
15 cm (6 in) in diameter. The pore surface is initially white before
turning pinkish with age. Like most boletes it lacks a ring, and it may
be distinguished from Boletus edulis and other similar species by its
unusual pink pores and the prominent dark brown netlike pattern on its
stalk. French mycologist Pierre Bulliard described this species as
Boletus felleus in 1788 before it was transferred into the new genus
Tylopilus. It is the type species of Tylopilus, and the only member of
the genus found in Europe. Tylopilus felleus has bioactive compounds
that have been tested for antitumour and antibiotic properties. Although
not poisonous, it is generally considered too bitter to be edible.

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tylopilus_felleus>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

538:

Vitiges, king of the Ostrogoths, ended his siege of Rome,
leaving the city in the hands of the victorious Roman general,
Belisarius.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Rome_(537%E2%80%9338)>

1881:

Andrew Watson made his debut with the Scotland national
football team and became the world's first black international football
player.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Watson_(footballer)>

1930:

Gandhi (pictured with Sarojini Naidu) began the Salt March, a
24-day walk to defy the British tax on salt in colonial India.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_March>

1952:

British diplomat Hastings Ismay was appointed as the first
Secretary General of NATO.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hastings_Ismay,_1st_Baron_Ismay>

1993:

The 1993 Storm of the Century formed over the Gulf of Mexico;
at its height its effects were directly experienced by nearly 40 percent
of the United States' population.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Storm_of_the_Century>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

zombie out:
(informal) Become like a zombie in being listless, vacant, and
unresponsive.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/zombie_out>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  I've seen fire and I've seen rain. I've seen sunny days that I
thought would never end. I've seen lonely times when I could not find a
friend. But I always thought that I'd see you again.  
--James Taylor
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/James_Taylor>

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[Daily article] March 11: Vannevar Bush Published On

Vannevar Bush (1890–1974) was an American engineer, inventor, science
administrator, policymaker and public intellectual. He is best known for
his work on analog computers, for founding Raytheon, and for the memex,
an adjustable microfilm viewer with a structure analogous to that of the
World Wide Web. He became Vice President of MIT and Dean of the MIT
School of Engineering in 1932, and president of the Carnegie Institution
of Washington in 1938. He was chairman of the National Advisory
Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) and of the National Defense Research
Committee (NDRC). During World War II he was director of the Office of
Scientific Research and Development (OSRD), coordinating the defense
activities of some 6,000 leading American scientists. As head of NDRC
and OSRD, he initiated the Manhattan Project, and ensured that it
received top priority from the highest levels of government. In 1945, he
published As We May Think in which he predicted that "wholly new forms
of encyclopedias will appear, ready made with a mesh of associative
trails running through them". This influenced generations of computer
scientists, who drew inspiration from his vision.

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vannevar_Bush>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

222:

Disgusted with Roman emperor Elagabalus's disregard for Roman
religious traditions and sexual taboos, the Praetorian Guard
assassinated him and his mother Julia Soaemias, mutilated their bodies,
and threw them in the Tiber River.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elagabalus>

1864:

A crack in the Dale Dyke Dam in Sheffield, England, caused it
to fail, and the resulting flood killed 238 people and damaged more than
600 homes.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Sheffield_Flood>

1879:

Shō Tai, the last king of the Ryūkyū Kingdom, abdicated when
the kingdom was annexed by Japan and became Okinawa Prefecture.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sh%C5%8D_Tai>

1945:

World War II: The Empire of Japan established the Empire of
Vietnam, a short-lived puppet state, with Bảo Đại as its ruler.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empire_of_Vietnam>

2006:

Michelle Bachelet was inaugurated as the first female President
of Chile.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelle_Bachelet>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

quibble:
(intransitive) To complain or argue in a trivial or petty manner.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/quibble>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  One Thursday, nearly two thousand years after one man had been
nailed to a tree for saying how great it would be to be nice to people
for a change, a girl sitting on her own in a small café in
Rickmansworth suddenly realized what it was that had been going wrong
all this time, and she finally knew how the world could be made a good
and happy place. This time it was right, it would work, and no one would
have to get nailed to anything. Sadly, however, before she could get to
a phone to tell anyone about it, the Earth was unexpectedly demolished
to make way for a new hyperspace bypass, and so the idea was lost,
seemingly for ever.  
--So Long, and Thanks for All the Fish
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/The_Hitchhiker%27s_Guide_to_the_Galaxy#So_Long.2C_and_Thanks_for_All_the_Fish_.281984.29>

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[Daily article] March 10: Ronnie Lee Gardner Published On

Ronnie Lee Gardner (1961–2010) was an American felon who received the
death penalty for murder in 1985 and was executed by a firing squad by
the state of Utah. In 1984 he killed a bartender during a robbery in
Salt Lake City, and the next year killed an attorney in an unsuccessful
escape attempt. He was sentenced to life imprisonment for the first
murder and received the death penalty for the second. In a series of
appeals, defense attorneys presented mitigating evidence of the troubled
upbringing of Gardner, who had spent nearly his entire adult life in
incarceration. His legal team took the case all the way to the U.S.
Supreme Court, which declined to intervene. His execution at Utah State
Prison, the first to be carried out by firing squad in the U.S. in
14 years, became a focus of media attention in June 2010. Gardner
stated that he sought this method of execution because of his Mormon
background. On the day before his execution, The Church of Jesus Christ
of Latter-day Saints released a statement clarifying its position on the
issue of blood atonement of individuals. The case also attracted debate
over capital punishment and whether Gardner's difficult childhood had
destined him for a life of violence.

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronnie_Lee_Gardner>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

1830:

By royal decree, the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army was
established to be the military force maintained by the Netherlands in
its colony of the Dutch East Indies.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Netherlands_East_Indies_Army>

1876:

Alexander Graham Bell made his first successful bi-directional
telephone call, saying, "Mr. Watson, come here, I want to see you."
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invention_of_the_telephone>

1965:

Thomas Playford (pictured), Premier of South Australia, left
office after 27 years, the longest term of any democratically elected
leader in the history of Australia.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Playford_IV>

1975:

Ho Chi Minh Campaign: North Vietnam began its final push for
victory over South Vietnam with an attack on Ban Me Thuot.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Ban_Me_Thuot>

2005:

Tung Chee-hwa, the first Chief Executive of Hong Kong,
announced his resignation following widespread dissatisfaction with his
leadership.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tung_Chee-hwa>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

normothermic:
(medicine) Having a normal body temperature.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/normothermic>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  Irony is the form of paradox. Paradox is what is good and
great at the same time.  
--Friedrich Schlegel
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Friedrich_Schlegel>

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[Daily article] March 9: Kahaani Published On

Kahaani is a 2012 Indian mystery thriller film directed and co-produced
by Sujoy Ghosh. It stars Vidya Balan (pictured) as Vidya Bagchi, a
pregnant woman searching for her missing husband in Kolkata during the
festival of Durga Puja, assisted by Satyoki "Rana" Sinha (Parambrata
Chatterjee) and Khan (Nawazuddin Siddiqui). Made on a shoestring budget
of 80 million (US$1.3 million), Kahaani was conceived and developed by
Ghosh, who co-wrote the film with Advaita Kala. The crew often employed
guerrilla-filmmaking techniques on Kolkata's city streets to avoid
attracting attention. The film was noted for avoiding the usual
Bollywood tropes of Kolkata culture and for using many local crew and
cast members. Kahaani explores themes of feminism and motherhood in
male-dominated Indian society. The film also makes allusions to Satyajit
Ray's films such as Charulata (1964) and Aranyer Dinratri (1970).
Kahaani was released worldwide on 9 March 2012. Critics praised the
screenplay, the cinematography and the performances of the lead actors.
Critical acclaim and word-of-mouth publicity helped the film earn 1.04
billion (US$16 million) worldwide, and it won several awards.

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kahaani>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

1009:

The first known record of the name of Lithuania appeared in an
entry in the annals of the Quedlinburg Abbey (in modern Germany).
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Name_of_Lithuania>

1776:

The Wealth of Nations by Scottish political economist Adam
Smith (bust pictured) was first published, becoming the first modern
work in the field of economics.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wealth_of_Nations>

1842:

Nabucco, an opera by Italian Romantic composer Giuseppe Verdi
that established his reputation as a composer, premiered at the Teatro
alla Scala in Milan.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabucco>

1915:

The Panama–California Exposition opened in San Diego's Balboa
Park, celebrating the opening of the Panama Canal.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama%E2%80%93California_Exposition>

1925:

The Royal Air Force began a bombardment and strafing campaign
against the mountain strongholds of Mahsud tribesmen in South
Waziristan.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink%27s_War>

1945:

World War II: A bomb raid on Tokyo by American B-29 heavy
bombers started a firestorm, killing over 100,000 people.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombing_of_Tokyo>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

win-win:
Of a situation or outcome that benefits two parties, or that has two
distinct benefits.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/win-win>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  Of course I have no right whatsoever to write down the truth
about my life involving as it naturally does the lives of so many other
people, but I do so urged by a necessity of truth-telling, because there
is no living soul who knows the complete truth; here, may be one who
knows a section; and there, one who knows another section: but to the
whole picture not one is initiated.  
--Vita Sackville-West
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Vita_Sackville-West>

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[Daily article] March 8: Lost Luggage (video game) Published On

Lost Luggage is an action video game developed and released in 1982 for
the Atari 2600 by the Texas-based studio Games by Apollo. The player
controls skycap porters working at an airport and tries to collect
pieces of luggage that fall from a frantic overhead luggage carousel. A
two-player mode, in which the second player controls the direction the
luggage falls, is included. Programmer Ed Salvo was inspired to begin
making Lost Luggage when he was waiting for his luggage at the
Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport, and the game took around four
weeks to make. A four-minute advertising jingle was recorded for the
game, but never used. Most reviewers criticized the game's similarity to
the Activision game Kaboom!, believing Lost Luggage to be an inferior
clone, but a reviewer for the magazine TV Gamer recommended the game for
children, and Videogaming Illustrated described the game as the most
charming of Apollo's releases. Soon after Lost Luggage '​s release,
Apollo filed for bankruptcy and closed.

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lost_Luggage_(video_game)>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

1010:

Persian poet Ferdowsi completed his masterpiece, the Shahnameh,
the national epic of Iran and related societies.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdowsi>

1618:

German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler discovered
the third law of planetary motion.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_Kepler>

1919:

During the Egyptian Revolution of 1919, British authorities
arrested Saad Zaghloul and two others, exiling them to Malta.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian_Revolution_of_1919>

1963:

The Ba'ath Party came to power in Syria in a coup d'état by a
clique of quasi-leftist Syrian Army officers calling themselves the
National Council of the Revolutionary Command.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1963_Syrian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat>

2014:

Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 disappeared en route from Kuala
Lumpur to Beijing, prompting the most expensive search in aviation
history.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia_Airlines_Flight_370>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

triduan:
1. Lasting three days.
2. Happening every third day.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/triduan>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  A page of history is worth a volume of logic.  
--Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Oliver_Wendell_Holmes,_Jr.>

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[Daily article] March 7: S&M (song) Published On

"S&M;" is a song by Barbadian singer Rihanna (pictured) from her fifth
studio album, Loud (2010). The song was released in January 2011 as the
fourth single from the album. Written by the American songwriter Ester
Dean in collaboration with its producers StarGate and Sandy Vee, "S&M;"
borrows from Depeche Mode's 1984 song "Master and Servant". The lyrics
make reference to sadomasochism, bondage, and fetishes. The song reached
number two on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart, peaked at number one in
Australia, Canada, and Poland, and reached the top five in France,
Germany, Ireland, Spain, and the UK. Critical response was mixed; some
praised its sound and composition while others criticized its overtly
sexual lyrics. An accompanying music video that portrays softcore
sadomasochistic acts and fetishes was banned in many countries and
restricted to nighttime television in others. Critics complimented
Rihanna's sensuality and the vibrant colors. Photographer David
LaChapelle filed a lawsuit alleging that the video incorporates ideas
from his photographs.

Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%26M_(song)>

_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:

321:

Emperor Constantine I decreed that Sunday, the day honoring the
sun god Sol Invictus, would be the Roman day of rest.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sol_Invictus>

1871:

José Paranhos, Viscount of Rio Branco, became Prime Minister
of the Empire of Brazil, starting a four-year rule, the longest in the
state's history.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Paranhos,_Viscount_of_Rio_Branco>

1945:

World War II: In Operation Lumberjack, Allied forces seized the
Ludendorff Bridge over the Rhine, enabling them to establish and expand
a lodgement on German soil that changed the entire nature of the
conflict on the Western Front.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludendorff_Bridge>

1965:

African-American Civil Rights Movement: Civil rights
demonstrators marching from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama, were brutally
attacked by police on Bloody Sunday.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selma_to_Montgomery_marches>

1985:

The charity single "We Are the World" by the supergroup USA for
Africa was released, and would go on to sell over 20 million copies.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/We_Are_the_World>

_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:

phillumenist:
A person who collects match-related items, like matchbox labels,
matchboxes, matchbooks, or matchbook covers.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/phillumenist>

___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:

  One swallow does not make a summer, nor does one day; and so too
one day, or a short time, does not make a man blessed and happy.
 
--Aristotle
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Aristotle>

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