dynasty and the first Qing emperor to rule over China, which he did from
1644 to 1661. He was chosen to succeed his father Hong Taiji
(1592–1643) by a committee of Manchu princes in September 1643, when
he was five years old. Two co-regents were also appointed: Dorgon
(1612–50), fourteenth son of Qing founder Nurhaci, and Jirgalang
(1599–1655), one of Nurhaci's nephews. Political power lay mostly in
the hands of Dorgon. Under his leadership, the Qing conquered most of
the territory of the fallen Ming dynasty (1368–1644), chased Ming
loyalist regimes deep into the southwestern provinces, and established
the basis of Qing rule over China. After Dorgon's death, the young
monarch started to rule personally. He tried, with mixed success, to
fight corruption and reduce the Manchu nobility's political influence.
In the 1650s he faced a resurgence of Ming loyalist resistance, but by
1661 his armies had defeated the Qing's last enemies. He died at the age
of 22 of smallpox, against which the Manchus had no immunity. He was
succeeded by his third son, Xuanye, who subsequently reigned for sixty
years under the name of Kangxi.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shunzhi_Emperor>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1783 - A potential uprising in Newburgh, New York, was defused when
George Washington asked Continental Army officers to support the
supremacy of Congress.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newburgh_Conspiracy>
1875:
Archbishop of New York John McCloskey was named the first
cardinal in the United States.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McCloskey>
1892:
Liverpool F.C., one of England's most successful football
clubs, was founded.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liverpool_F.C.>
1943:
World War II: German forces recaptured Kharkov after four days
of house-to-house fighting against Soviet troops, ending the month-long
Third Battle of Kharkov.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Battle_of_Kharkov>
1986:
The building housing the Hotel New World in Singapore collapsed
suddenly due to structural failure, killing 33 people.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hotel_New_World_disaster>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
enshrine:
1. (transitive) To enclose (a sacred relic etc.) in a shrine or chest.
2. (transitive) To preserve or cherish (something) as though in a shrine;
to preserve or contain, especially with some reverence.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/enshrine>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
Lonely, unto the Lone I go; Divine, to the Divinity.
--Lionel Johnson
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Lionel_Johnson>
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