politician of the Empire of Brazil, widely regarded by historians as one
of the most influential statesmen of his time. He was elected in 1830 to
represent Minas Gerais in the Chamber of Deputies. After Pedro I
abdicated in 1831, the regency created to govern Brazil during the
minority of Pedro II soon dissolved into chaos. Paraná formed a
political party in 1837, and he and his party provided a stalwart
defence of constitutional order. As president of Rio de Janeiro
Province, he helped put down a rebellion headed by the opposition
Liberal Party. In 1843, he became the de facto first president of the
Council of Ministers, but resigned after a quarrel with the Emperor.
After years in opposition, in 1849, Paraná was appointed as president
of Pernambuco Province and then helped to forge an successful alliance
in 1851 with Uruguay against the Argentine Confederation. In 1853
Paraná was again appointed president of the Council of Ministers. His
electoral reforms caused severe harm to the system of parliamentary
government and led to a virtual split in his party. He died unexpectedly
while still in office.
Read more: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hon%C3%B3rio_Hermeto_Carneiro_Le%C3%A3o,_Marquis_of_Paran%C3%A1>
_______________________________
Today's selected anniversaries:
1055:
Theodora (pictured on coin), the daughter of Constantine VIII
and Helena, daughter of Alypius, became Byzantine Empress.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodora_(11th_century)>
1693:
An intensity XI earthquake, the most powerful in Italian
history, struck the island of Sicily.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1693_Sicily_earthquake>
1879:
British forces under Lord Chelmsford invaded Zululand without
authorisation from the British Government, beginning the Anglo-Zulu War.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Zulu_War>
1964:
In a landmark report, U.S. Surgeon General Luther Terry issued
the warning that smoking may be hazardous for one's health, concluding
that it has a causative role in lung cancer, chronic bronchitis,
emphysema, and other illnesses.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoking_and_Health:_Report_of_the_Advisory_Committee_to_the_Surgeon_General_of_the_United_States>
1986:
The Gateway Bridge in Brisbane, Australia, at the time the
longest prestressed concrete free-cantilever bridge in the world,
opened.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir_Leo_Hielscher_Bridges>
_____________________________
Wiktionary's word of the day:
superannuated:
Obsolete, antiquated.
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/superannuated>
___________________________
Wikiquote quote of the day:
There is but one indefectibly certain truth, and that is the
truth that pyrrhonistic scepticism itself leaves standing, — the truth
that the present phenomenon of consciousness exists.
--William James
<https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/William_James>
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